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SA9108F TWO PHASE BIDIRECTIONAL POWER/ENERGY METERING IC WITH INSTANTANEOUS PULSE OUTPUT
FEATURES
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Performs bidirectional one or two phase power and energy measurement Meets the IEC 521/1036 Specification requirements for Class 1 AC Watt hour meters Operates over a wide temperature range Adaptable to different types of current sensors
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Excellent long term stability Easily adaptable to different signal levels Precision voltage reference on-chip Two pulse rate output formats available Protected against ESD
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DESCRIPTION The SAMES SA9108F Two Phase bidirectional Power/Energy metering integrated circuit generates pulse rate outputs for positive and negative energy directions, the frequency of which is proportional to the power consumption. The SA9108F performs the calculation for active power. The method of calculation takes the power factor into account. Energy consumption is determined by the power measurement being integrated over time. The output of this innovative universal two phase power/energy metering integrated circuit is ideally suited for applications such as residential and industrial energy metering and control. The SA9108F integrated circuit is available in 40 pin dual-in-line plastic (DIP-40), as well as 44 pin plastic leaded chip carrier (PLCC-44) package types.
PIN CONNECTIONS
CIN1 CIP2 CIN2 TP4 TP5 IIN1 IIP1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 40 39 38
CIP1
COP1 CON1 37 CON2 COP2 GND 34 IVP1
36 35 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24
8 IIN2 9 IIP2 TP10 10 TP11 11
COPP 12 CONP 13 CIPP 14 CINP 15 V SS 16 TP17 17 TP18 18 OSC1 19 OSC2 20
DR-00940
IVP2 TP32 TP31 TP30 VREF V DD TP27 TP26
DIR TP24 23 FOUT2 22 TP22
21
FOUT1
Package: DIP-40
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4364 PDS039-SA9108F-001 Rev. B 09-01-97
SA9108F PIN CONNECTIONS
DIR TP24 FOUT2 TP22 FOUT1 N.C. OSC2 OSC1 TP18 TP17 V SS
39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29
TP26 TP27 V DD VREF N.C. TP30 TP31 TP32 IVP2 IVP1 GND
40 41 42 43 44 1 2 3 4 5 6
28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18
CINP CIPP CONP COPP N.C. TP11 TP10 IIP2 IIN2 IIP1 IIN1
7
8
9
10
11 12
13 14
15 16
17
COP2 CON2 CON1 COP1 CIP1 N.C.
DR-00941
Package: PLCC-44 BLOCK DIAGRAM
12 CONNECTIONS FOR LOOPCAPS V D D VSS
IVP1 IVP2
ANALOG INTEG. SIGNAL
IIP1 IIN1 IIP2 IIN2
CIN1 CIP2 CIN2 TP4 TP5
POWER TO PULSERATE
FOUT1 FOUT2 DIR
& PROAVERAGE CESSING
GND VREF
REF
TIMING & CONTROL
OSC
OSC1 OSC2
DR-00942
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SA9108F ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS * Parameter Symbol Supply Voltage VDD-VSS Current on any Pin IPIN Storage Temperature TSTG Operating Temperature TO
Min -0.3 -150 -40 -40
Max 6.0 +150 +125 +85
Unit V mA C C
* Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only. Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation sections of this specification, is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VDD = 5V over the temperature range -10C to +70C#, unless otherwise specified.) Parameter Supply Voltage Supply Current Nonlinearity of Power Calculation Symbol VDD-VSS IDD Min Typ 4.5 Max Unit Condition 5.5 V 10 mA +0.3 % 1% -100% of rated power Peak value Peak value
-0.3
Current Sensor Inputs (Differential) Input Current Range III Voltage Sensor Inputs (Asymmetric) Input Current Range IIV Digital Outputs: Output Low Voltage VOL Output High Voltage VOH Pulse Rate: FOUT1, FOUT2 fp Oscillator Pin VREF Ref. Current Ref. Voltage
#
-25 -25
+25 +25
A A
VSS+1 V IOL = 5mA VDD-1 V IOH = -2mA 0 64 Hz Specified linearity 0 180 Hz Min and max limits Recommended crystal: TV colour burst crystal, f = 3.5795 MHz With R = 24 k -IR 45 50 55 A connected to VSS VR 1.1 1.3 V Referred to V SS
Extended Operating Temperature Range available on request.
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SA9108F PIN DESCRIPTION
Pin Pin PLCC-44 DIP-40 6 35 42 28 29 16 5 34 4 33 18 6 19 7 20 8 21 9 32 19 33 20 35 21 37 23 39 25 9 38 10 39 8 37 7 36 26 13 25 12 13 1 11 40 15 3 14 2 28 15 27 14 43 29 41 27 16 4 17 5 22 10 23 11 30 17 31 18 36 22 38 24 40 26 1 30 2 31 3 32
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Designation GND VDD VSS IVP1 IVP2 IIN1 IIP1 IIN2 IIP2 OSC1 OSC2 FOUT1 FOUT2 DIR CON1 COP1 CON2 COP2 CONP COPP CIN1 CIP1 CIN2 CIP2 CINP CIPP VREF TP27 TP4 TP5 TP10 TP11 TP17 TP18 TP22 TP24 TP26 TP30 TP31 TP32
Description Ground Positive Supply Voltage Negative Suply Voltage Analog input for Voltage : Phase 1 Analog input for Voltage : Phase 2 Inputs for current sensor : Phase 1 Inputs for current sensor : Phase 2 Connections for crystal or ceramic resonator (OSC1 = Input; OSC2 = Output) Pulse rate outputs Direction indication Connections for outer loop capacitors of A/D converters
Connections for inner loop capacitors of A/D converters
Connection for current setting resistor Test Pin. Connect to VSS Manufacturer's test pins (Leave unconnected)
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SA9108F
PIN DESCRIPTION (Continued) Pin Pin Designation PLCC-44 DIP-40 12 NC 24 NC 34 NC 44 NC
Description Not connected
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The SAMES SA9108F is a CMOS mixed signal Analog/Digital integrated circuit, which performs two phase power/energy calculations over a dynamic range of greater than 1000:1, to an overall accuracy of better than Class 1. The integrated circuit includes all the required functions for 2-phase power and energy measurement such as oversampling A/D converters for the voltage and current sense inputs, power calculation and energy integration. Internal offsets are eliminated through the use of cancellation procedures. The SA9108F generates pulses, the frequency of which is proportional to the power consumption. The pulse rate follows the instantenous power measured. Direction information is also provided. 1. Power Calculation In the Application Circuit (Figure 1), the mains voltages from Line 1 and Line 2, are converted to currents and applied to the voltage sense inputs IVP1 and IVP2. The mains voltage (2 x 115 V) is divided down through voltage dividers to 14V. The resulting input currents into the A/D converters are 14ARMS through the resistors R9 and R10. For the current sense inputs the voltage drop across the current transformers' terminating resistors are converted to currents of 16ARMS for rated conditions, by means of resistors R5, R6, (Phase 1) and R7, R8 (Phase 2). The signals providing the current information are applied to the current sensor inputs IIN1, IIP1 and IIN2, IIP2. In this configuration, with the mains voltage of 2 x 115 VAC and rated currents of 80A, the output frequency of the SA9108F energy metering integrated circuit at FOUT1 is 64Hz. In this case 1 pulse will correspond to an energy consumption of 2 x 9.2 kW/64Hz = 287.5 Ws.
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SA9108F 2. Analog Input Configuration The current and voltage sensor inputs are illustrated below. These inputs are protected against electrostatic discharge through clamping diodes, in conjunction with the amplifiers input configuration. The feedback loops from the outputs of the amplifiers AI and AV generate virtual shorts on the signal inputs. Exact duplications of the input currents are generated for the analog processing circuitry.
V DD
II P
CURRE NT S ENSOR INPUTS
V SS
A
V DD
I
II N
V SS V DD
IV P V OL TAGE S ENSOR INPUT
V SS
AV
GND
D R -0 0 9 4 3
3.
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection The SA9108F integrated circuit's inputs/outputs are protected against ESD . Power Consumption The overall power consumption rating of the SA9108F integrated circuit is less than 40mW having a 5V supply.
4.
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SA9108F 5. Pulse Output Signals The calculated power is divided down to a pulse rate 64Hz, for rated conditions on FOUT1 and FOUT2. Two formats of pulse output signals are available which provide both power/energy and direction information. The direction of the energy flow is defined by the mark/space ratio on FOUT1 while the pulse width defines the direction on FOUT2.
Positive Energy Flow Negative Energy Flow
Wave form on FOUT1
Wave form on FOUT2
t pp
mm mm
t pp
t pn
mm
t pn
mm
t pp = 1.1ms
t pn = 3.4ms
Wave form on DIR
DR-00944
An integrated anticreep function ensures no metering at zero line currents. The formula for calculating the Output Frequency (f) is given below: FOSC (II1 IV1) + (I I2 I V2) f = 11.16 * FOUTX * 3.58MHz * 2 * IR2 Where FOUTX FOSC II1, II2 IV1, IV2 IR = Nominal rated frequency (64Hz) = Oscillator frequency (2MHz ...... 4MHz) = Input currents for current sensor inputs (16A at rated line current) = Input currents for voltage sensor inputs (14A at rated line voltage) = Reference current (typically 50A)
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SA9108F TYPICAL APPLICATION In the Application Circuit (Figure 1), the components required for a two phase power metering application, are shown. Terminated current transformers are used for current sensing. The most important external components for the SA9108F integrated circuit are: C2, C 6 and C7 are the outer loop capacitors for the integrated oversampling A/D converters. The typical value of C2 is 2.2nF and the value of C6 and C7 is 560F. The actual values determine the signal to noise and stability performance. The tolerances should be within 10%. C1, C 3 and C4 are the inner loop capacitors for the integrated oversampling A/D converters. The typical value of C 1, C3 and C4 is 3.3nF. Values smaller than 0.5nF and larger than 5nF should be avoided. Terminated current sensors (current transformers) are connected to the current sensor inputs of the SA9108F through current setting resistors (R5, R6 and R7, R8). The resistor values should be selected for an input current of 16ARMS into the SA9108F, at the rated line current. The values of these resistors should be calculated as follows: Phase 1: R5 = R 6 = (IL1/16ARMS) * R 3/2 Phase 2: R7 = R 8 = (IL2/16ARMS) * R 4/2 Where ILX = Secondary CT current at rated conditions. R3 and R 4 = Current transformer termination resistors for the two phases. R1 + R 1A, R13 and R9 set the current for the phase 1 voltage sense input. R2 + R2A , R12 + P2 and R10 set the currents for phase 2. The values should be selected so that the input currents into the voltage sense inputs (virtual ground) are set to 14A RMS for nominal line voltage. Capacitors C8 and C9 are for decoupling and phase compensation. R11 and P1 defines all on-chip bias and reference currents. With a total resistance of 24k, optimum conditions are set. R11 + P1 may be varied within 10% for calibration purposes. Any change in resistance will affect the output quadratically (i.e: R = +5%, f = +10%). XTAL is a colour burst TV crystal (f = 3.5795 MHz) for the oscillator. The oscillator frequency is divided down to 1.7897 MHz on-chip to supply the digital circuitry and the A/D converters.
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SA9108F
Figure 1: Application Circuit for Two Phase Power/Energy Measurement.
M AINS VOL TAGES
L IN E 1 L IN E 2 R1 R2 R1A R2A
N
C4
0V C1
1 2 3
40 39 38
5V C6 R14
F ROM CT s
R3 V I1 P V I1 N V I2 P V I2 N R4 R5 R6 R7 R8
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
37 36 35
C7
R9
34 33
+ C8 + C9
R10
S A 9108F IC - 1
32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21
R12
R13
R15 C11
C2
12 13 14
P2 + C10
C3
15 16 17
0V D IR F OU T 2 F OU T 1 0V 0V 0V
0V
18 19 20
XT A L D R -0 0 9 4 5 C5 R1 1 P1
0V
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SA9108F Parts List for Application Circuit: Figure 1
Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Symbol IC-1 XTAL R1 R1A R2 R2A R13 R12 R14 R5 R6 R7 R8 R11 R9 R10 R3 R4 R15 P2 P1 C8 C9 C4 C1 C2 C3 C6 C7 C5 C10 C11 Description SA9108FPA Crystal, 3.5795 MHz Resistor, 120k, 1%, 1/4W Resistor, 82k, 1%, 1/4W Resistor, 120k, 1%, 1/4W Resistor, 82k, 1%, 1/4W Resistor, 24k, 1%, 1/4W Resistor, 22k, 1%, 1/4W Resistor, 820, 1%, 1/4W Resistor Resistor Resistor Resistor Resistor, 22k, 1%, 1/4W Resistor, 1M, 1%, 1/4W Resistor, 1M, 1%, 1/4W Resistor Resistor Resistor, 820, 1%, 1/4W Potentiometer, 4.7k Potentiometer, 4.7k Capacitor, electrolytic, 1F, 16V Capacitor, electrolytic, 1F, 16V Capacitor, 3.3nF Capacitor, 3.3nF Capacitor, 2.2nF Capacitor, 3.3nF Capacitor, 560pF Capacitor, 560pF Capacitor, 820nF Capacitor, 100nF Capacitor, 100nF Detail DIP-40 Colour burst TV
Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1
Note 1 Note 1 Multi turn Multi turn Note 2 Note 2
Note 3
Note 1: Resistor (R5, R 6, R7 and R8) values are dependant upon the selected values of the current transformer termination resistors R3 and R4. Note 2: Capacitor values may be selected for DC blocking and to compensate for phase errors caused by the current transformers. Note 3: Capacitor (C5) to be positioned as close to Supply Pins (VDD & VSS ) of IC-1, as possible.
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SA9108F
ORDERING INFORMATION Part Number Package SA9108FPA DIP-40 SA9108FFA PLCC-44
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SA9108F
Disclaimer: The information contained in this document is confidential and proprietary to South African MicroElectronic Systems (Pty) Ltd ("SAMES") and may not be copied or disclosed to a third party, in whole or in part, without the express written consent of SAMES. The information contained herein is current as of the date of publication; however, delivery of this document shall not under any circumstances create any implication that the information contained herein is correct as of any time subsequent to such date. SAMES does not undertake to inform any recipient of this document of any changes in the information contained herein, and SAMES expressly reserves the right to make changes in such information, without notification,even if such changes would render information contained herein inaccurate or incomplete. SAMES makes no representation or warranty that any circuit designed by reference to the information contained herein, will function without errors and as intended by the designer.
Any Sales or technical questions may be posted to our e-mail address below: energy@sames.co.za For the latest updates on datasheets, please visit out web site: http://www.sames.co.za South African Micro-Electronic Systems (Pty) Ltd P O Box 15888, 33 Eland Street, Lynn East, Koedoespoort Industrial Area, 0039 Pretoria, Republic of South Africa, Republic of South Africa Tel: Fax: 012 333-6021 012 333-8071 Tel: Fax: Int +27 12 333-6021 Int +27 12 333-8071
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